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        <p>SCI 是一种评价手段？<br>SCI 是目前引文索引作为一种相对客观公正、比较权威的评价方式，已被越来越多的科学家所接受。<br>全世界有将 SCI 的引用情况作为评价手段的趋势。</p>
<ul>
<li>一篇文章的质量高低</li>
<li>一个科学家的成就大小</li>
<li>一个研究单位、乃至一个国家科技发展水平高低<a id="more"></a>
</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>研究领域出现频率最高的词</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>谁谁谁是 xxx 领域的牛人 !</li>
<li>发表文章 xxx 篇</li>
<li>影响因子</li>
<li>文章引用次数</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>问你三个问题 :</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>谁是你研究领域的领军人物？</li>
<li>哪本期刊是你领域最重要的杂志？</li>
<li>哪些文章是你研究领域最经典的文章？</li>
<li><strong>如何确定？</strong></li>
</ul>
<p>如何了解自己文章被 SCI 收录的情况？<br>如何找到和一个课题密切相关的<strong>核心热点论文</strong>？<br>怎样了解一个课题的历史发展和最新进展，建立<strong>对一个课题的立体了解</strong>？<br>只了解一个化学结构式，是否能找到最新的合成信息？<br>手头只有一篇导师推荐的文献，在不熟悉关键词的情况下是否可以检索到<strong>相关的进展</strong>，并能从中发现<strong>下一步研究的思路</strong>？<br>ISI 的答案是：”Web of Science”。</p>
<p>Web of Science 帮助你发现最重要和最需要的信息</p>
<p><strong>Who are SCI and ISI?</strong><br>SCI ：Science Citation Index 科学引文索引。<br>ISI： Institute for Scientific Information，美国科学信息研究所。<br>ISI 1958 年由 Dr. E. Garfield 建立。<br>Dr. Garfield 1955 年在 Science 发表论文提出将引文索引作为一种新的文献检索与分类工具 , 将一篇文献作为检索字段从而跟踪一个 Idea 的发展过程。</p>
<p><strong>全世界“四大文献索引”</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><ol>
<li>Science Citation Index® (SCI ®) - ISI</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li><ol>
<li>Index to Scientific &amp; Technology Proceedings   ® (ISTP ®) - ISI</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li><ol>
<li>Index to Scientific Reviews ® (ISR ®) - ISI</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li><ol>
<li>Engineering Index (EI) - EI<br>ISI 占 3/4</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="SCI-能帮您做什么"><a href="#SCI-能帮您做什么" class="headerlink" title="SCI 能帮您做什么"></a>SCI 能帮您做什么</h3><p>利用 Web of Science 对课题进行科研创新<br>检索<br>分析<br>跟踪<br>管理</p>
<h3 id="Cited-Ref-Search-引文检索作用意义"><a href="#Cited-Ref-Search-引文检索作用意义" class="headerlink" title="Cited Ref Search 引文检索作用意义"></a>Cited Ref Search 引文检索作用意义</h3><ul>
<li>引文检索将一篇文献（无论是论文、会议录文献、著作、专利、技术报告等）作为检索对象，直接检索引用该文献的文献</li>
<li>目的要解决传统主题检索方式固有的缺陷<ul>
<li>主题词选取不易，</li>
<li>主题字段标引不易 / 滞后 / 理解不同，</li>
<li>少数的主题词无法反映全文的内容。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>不受时间、主题词、学科、文献类型的限制</li>
<li>特别适用于检索一篇文献或一个课题的发展，并了解和掌握研究思路。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="以参考文献引证为线索进行文献检索"><a href="#以参考文献引证为线索进行文献检索" class="headerlink" title="以参考文献引证为线索进行文献检索"></a>以参考文献引证为线索进行文献检索</h3><p>揭示了作者与作者之间、文章与文章之间的引用和被引用关系。<br>有利于边缘学科的研究。把貌似千差万别，其实有千丝万缕关系的科研工作联系了起来。<br>了解一篇文献发表以后的继承和发展的源流。</p>
<h3 id="文献的相互引证-–-学术研究之间的交流与联系"><a href="#文献的相互引证-–-学术研究之间的交流与联系" class="headerlink" title="文献的相互引证 – 学术研究之间的交流与联系"></a>文献的相互引证 – 学术研究之间的交流与联系</h3><ul>
<li>学科上的相关性<ul>
<li>理论与方法：借鉴与利用</li>
<li>技术与手段：应用与发展</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>横向上的对应性<ul>
<li>实验或方法：互相参照与借鉴</li>
<li>结果与讨论：比较与应用</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>纵向上的继承性<ul>
<li>课题的基础与起源</li>
<li>发展与进步</li>
<li>反引：学术争鸣</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="《科学引文索引—-SCI》的用途"><a href="#《科学引文索引—-SCI》的用途" class="headerlink" title="《科学引文索引— SCI》的用途"></a>《科学引文索引— SCI》的用途</h3><h4 id="基础研究的学术评价"><a href="#基础研究的学术评价" class="headerlink" title="基础研究的学术评价"></a>基础研究的学术评价</h4><ol>
<li>用 SCI 评价某论文的学术价值。<br>双刃剑：引用次数多不一定杰出，引用次数少不太可能杰出。</li>
<li>用 SCI 评价某学术期刊水平的高低。<br>用 SCI 评价某学术期刊水平的高低。</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>期刊的影响因子（Impact  Factor），表示一种杂志的被引用频率。</li>
<li>某一年中该刊前两年发表论文在统计当年被引用的总次数 B，在过去两年内发表的论文总数为 A，则影响因子 IF=B ／ A。</li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li>用 SCI 评价某学术机构乃至国家科研素质的高低。《中国科技论文统计与分析（年度研究报告）》。</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>仁者见仁、智者见智</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>引用的情况在很大程度上受到人为控制。</li>
<li>产生引用误差的主要原因有：<ul>
<li>文献的被引用并不完全等同于重要；</li>
<li>著者选用引文受到可获得性的影响；</li>
<li>出于语种的原因，非英语文献的被引率相对低；</li>
<li>引文关系上假联系的影响；</li>
<li>马太效应的影响，即一位作者的文献被引用次数愈多，该作者愈可能成为名作者，从而导致其文章被更多的引用。</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="以参考文献引证为线索进行文献检索-1"><a href="#以参考文献引证为线索进行文献检索-1" class="headerlink" title="以参考文献引证为线索进行文献检索"></a>以参考文献引证为线索进行文献检索</h4><ul>
<li>揭示了作者与作者之间、文章与文章之间的引用和被引用关系。</li>
<li>有利于边缘学科的研究。把貌似千差万别，其实有千丝万缕关系的科研工作联系了起来。</li>
<li>了解一篇文献发表以后的继承和发展的源流。<ul>
<li>对重要论文的引文检索可以发现：原始论文和最近论文的观点和方法有什么改进。</li>
<li>从引证重要论文的这一篇文献中发现进一步的线索<br>-<h4 id="寻找热点课题"><a href="#寻找热点课题" class="headerlink" title="寻找热点课题"></a>寻找热点课题</h4>如果某个领域的文献经常被引用，某篇文献经常被引用，应该引起注意，这可能就是<strong>热点课题</strong>。<br>引文索引反映<strong>交叉学科</strong>的机会多，对发现新的学科生长点有所启发。</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="确定核心期刊"><a href="#确定核心期刊" class="headerlink" title="确定核心期刊"></a>确定核心期刊</h4><p>根据期刊的影响因子大小，选择投稿和订购。</p>
<h3 id="Citation-Index-能够解决哪些问题？"><a href="#Citation-Index-能够解决哪些问题？" class="headerlink" title="Citation Index 能够解决哪些问题？"></a>Citation Index 能够解决哪些问题？</h3><ol>
<li>老问题有没有新的解决方法；</li>
<li>新方法有没有实验评估；</li>
<li>某个概念是如何被提出的；</li>
<li>对于某个问题后来有没有勘误和修正说明？</li>
<li>还有谁在从事这方面的研究？</li>
<li>创始于这个研究机构的某项研究工作有没有研究论文发表？</li>
<li>这个理论或概念有没有应用到新的领域中去？</li>
<li>这个研究人员写过哪些论文并发表在该领域的权威性刊物里？</li>
<li>这个研究机构或大学最近发表了哪些文章？</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="利用-Web-of-Science-对课题进行科技创新"><a href="#利用-Web-of-Science-对课题进行科技创新" class="headerlink" title="利用 Web of Science 对课题进行科技创新"></a>利用 Web of Science 对课题进行科技创新</h3><p>（General Search：普通检索）</p>
<h4 id="选择数据库"><a href="#选择数据库" class="headerlink" title="选择数据库"></a>选择数据库</h4><p>pass</p>
<h4 id="普通检索"><a href="#普通检索" class="headerlink" title="普通检索"></a>普通检索</h4><ol>
<li>这篇论文的主要内容是什么？</li>
<li>有没有关于这一课题的综述？</li>
<li>还有谁在从事这方面的研究？</li>
<li>创始于这个研究机构的某项研究工作有没有研究论文发表？</li>
<li>这个研究人员写过哪些论文并发表在该领域的权威性刊物里？</li>
<li>这个研究机构或大学最近发表了哪些文章？</li>
<li>这个研究涉及了哪些研究领域 ?</li>
<li>这个领域的研究通常都发表在哪些杂志上 ?</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="检索-普通检索、被引检索"><a href="#检索-普通检索、被引检索" class="headerlink" title="检索 - 普通检索、被引检索"></a>检索 - 普通检索、被引检索</h4>
      
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